Determination of maximum and minimum densities of poorly graded sands using a simplified method

Evaluation of maximum and minimum (limit) density values of sands is important in geotechnical engineering. Limit density values are important physical properties needed to provide a more complete description of sands, and they are required when evaluating relative density of soils. The conventional methods for determination of limit densities are generally costly, require relatively large sample volumes, and are time consuming. A simplified method for determining limit densities of clean poorly graded fine to medium sands was developed. The simplified method is easy to perform, requires less sample volume, and is faster than the conventional methods for determining these properties. Results of this study indicate that the simplified method gives limit density values comparable to those obtained using conventional methods for clean poorly graded fine to medium sands. Limitations of the simplified method are discussed.