Soft haptic interface for multidimensional cutaneous feedback in virtual and augmented reality

Nuanced and multidimensional finger based haptic feedback is of particular interest for virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) applications because it can well recreate real-life sensations. However, existing haptic approaches are typically limited by rigid and bulky equipment that significantly degrades wearability and the overall user experience. Here, we present a new class of lightweight and flexible finger haptic systems powered by shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators specifically designed to provide highly controllable and nuanced cutaneous feedback. Composed of a soft 3D-printed flexible finger cap structure and elastic cover, the device’s material architecture is optimized to allow for shape conformity to human fingers, enhancing wearability and user comfort. Furthermore, it enables eleven distinctive motions that allow for a diverse variety of haptic sensations crucial to advanced VR and AR applications.